China Market Main Sensor Manufacturers Survey Interpret

With wise phones, automotive techniques, health care gear, industrial management, the quick advancement in the Internet of Items, sensors obtained from the government attaches terrific significance to the entire business. Broad marketplace prospective customers driven by China's domestic sensors extreme growth in the amount of suppliers, the technical level but uneven. 2012 China manufacturers sensor analysis into Chinese sensor market place and technical needs, together with mainstream supplier of sensor technology, and access to 4 core exploration findings, we hope that these findings could allow Chinese core electronic techniques producers Sensor Provide Chain There is a in depth and authoritative ecological awareness.


October thirty, 2012, Shanghai "2012 China market place leading manufacturers of sensors report" in 2012 China (Shanghai) Electronics Display grand release. The survey is a vital Chinese electronics industry's annual marketplace survey, organized by the CNT Networks, China Outlook Consulting provides experienced analysis approaches and information evaluation, made to support machine manufacturers to accurately realize the breakdown on the sensor market and recommend many high-quality Chinese sensor suppliers and sensor applications small business.

Consumer encounter, industrial management and automotive electronics industry may be the fast improvement of electrical power sensors. The net of Points is surely an emerging industry and cross-sensor sensor industry demand electrical power. According on the Ministry's forecast, China IOT market place in 2015 will exceed 500 billion yuan, in 2020 when mature will start out 1 trillion yuan degree of industry dimension, the following five years the average yearly compound development price will reach 30%. MIIT official release with the "" second 5 "development strategy of things" made it clear that by 2015 China finished the preliminary build industrial program, to kind a much more total industrial chain of factors, and also to create "intelligent marketplace, agriculture, logistics, transportation, power, environmental safety, protection, health and fitness, home, "nine big regions of target demonstration venture.

Sensors are the core with the core of items, Chinese community sensor suppliers in significant quantities, speedy growth, but the degree is uneven. In conjunction with this market atmosphere, CNT Networks strategic cooperation with China Outlook Consulting, preparing and organizing the 2012 China industry top sensor suppliers investigation activities, and accessibility to 4 core investigation discovered that:

Sensor polarization percentage of imported solutions;
European and American popular sensor supplier s;
Quality, price tag and delivery difficulties led to downgrading of qualified suppliers;
Production capacity, and various very good different supplier romantic relationship is excellent level.

The survey observed the percentage of imported goods sourcing sensors show polarization percentage of imported items a lot more than 80% plus a highest of 20% of your situations, there are thirty.5% in the total sensor suppliers imported goods much more than 80%, 19.5% corporations to import goods at 20% or much less.

65.9% on the machine producers want to get by way of direct suppliers sensors. In all sensors product or service acquire channel, sensor suppliers popular in Europe and America, fifty five.7% of firms like sensor suppliers from Europe plus the Usa for procurement, much more than other suppliers and distribution channels. In 2nd area is definitely the community sensor suppliers willing to invest in local sensor supplier sensors enterprises reached 25.1%

The first issue in vendor assortment, good quality irreconcilable, value / engineering is very essential: the products high quality is affected to start with the main component in supplier choice; beneath the premise of excellent, cost-effective solutions, primary technologies and technical assistance are critical concerns element. The excellent issues, charges, longer delivery time will force the machine manufacturer to change suppliers. Given that top quality may be the principal factor in vendor inspection, high quality issues come up naturally become top supplier downgraded the main component. Uncompetitive rates, longer delivery time and service suppliers also contributed to dissatisfaction downgrade a vital aspect.

From the supplier variety and management trade-offs in production capability, and various excellent option supplier connection is fantastic level. Supplier top quality and delivery are nonetheless puzzled Purchasing Engineer situation. Demand forecasts aren't permitted to buy more than the past year the biggest possibility. On top of that, buy defective fakes, product or service top quality difficulties, and supplier capability constraints are unable to provide the main supply of procurement threat. To reduce the chance of procurement, machine producers to adopt a in depth response, which is the most vital in 3 techniques: choose good supplier of manufacturing sources to seek out option supplies, strengthening supplier relationships.
"In a considerable variety of suppliers sensors, speedy advancement, the uneven degree of current state, China electronic methods manufacturers sensor supply chain needs to have a in depth ecological awareness and authority to adopt for his or her personal supply relationship management and evaluation Approach The survey routines are mainly selected quite possibly the most broadly applied about the market place now, by far the most well-liked from the eight classes sensor as the analysis object, we believe, "2012 China industry foremost companies of sensors report" which reveals the experience and discipline to assist the entire Machine producers accurately realize the breakdown of your sensor industry, improve procurement efficiency, procurement chance aversion, effective supplier selection and evaluation with the sensor. "survey organizers CNT Networks CEO Dr. Liu Jie (Dr. Michael Liu) representation.

The sensor 8 classes covered by the survey are: optical sensor (solar cell), the ambient light and proximity sensor, a gyro sensor, a strain sensor, accelerometer sensor, a temperature sensor, a microphone sensor, and picture sensors.
CNT Networks analyst also especially with the electronics suppliers of qualified procurement employees interviews, the survey gives a impressive case scientific studies. During the report the conference, CNT Networks Written content Operations Director Chen Lu, entitled "2012 Annual China sensor market place survey uncovered that" the keynote speech, sharing the core survey identified.
"The investigation lasted extra than one particular month, 531 valid questionnaires have been screened, the survey sensor applications associated electronic techniques manufacturer supplier certification manager, technical manager, purchasing manager, supply chain management and corporation executives, and suppliers and distributor of market, technologies and small business executives. "

Several Error Factors that Affect the Performance of Pressure Sensor

Total error in the analysis of the pressure sensor, we must first consider the source of an error analysis of the factors that lead to these errors, and then think of ways to reduce these errors, improve the overall performance of the sensor. This article lists the sources of error which affect the pressure sensor performance?


The total error of the pressure sensor, you should use the following definitions of error. Decision you have selected the extent of the pressure sensor-specific error, see this directory specification of the sensor.

In a particular user application, some nominal indicators can be reduced or eliminated, for example, if a pressure sensor is used in the inner half of the predetermined temperature range, then the temperature error can be reduced by half, if the use of the auto-zero techniques, zero offset, and zero drift error can be eliminated.

The zero offset is the same pressure on both sides of the diaphragm of the sensor output.

Span is the algebraic difference between the output endpoint. Usually two endpoints zero and full scale.

The zero point temperature drift is caused by temperature changes of the pressure sensor zero change. Zero offset error is not predictable, because each device can be offset upward or downward change in temperature will cause the entire output curve along the voltage axis offset up or down.

Sensitivity temperature offset is the pressure sensor sensitivity variation caused by temperature changes, temperature changes will cause the change of the slope of the sensor output curve.

The linearity error is at the desired pressure range of the sensor output curve and a deviation of the calibration straight line, a method for computing linear error is the least-squares on the straight line of best fit of the data points from mathematical.

Another method is the the end BP linearity (TBL) or endpoint linearity. TBL decision by a straight line drawn between the data points of the second end (L1) in the output curve. Subsequently a vertical line to the output curve from the line L1, and select the intersecting data points in order to achieve the maximum length of a perpendicular line, the length of the perpendicular line represents the end of BP linearity error.

Repeatability error in the other conditions remain constant, continuous together with any given input pressure deviation in output readings.

Hysteresis error is usually expressed as the mechanical hysteresis and temperature hysteresis combination of error.

The mechanical hysteresis: refers to the output sensor error in one to a given input pressure (increased, decreased different process).

Temperature hysteresis in a temperature cycle before and after the output in the exact input pressure deviation.

The ratio of the amount of change is in the other conditions remain constant sensor output ratio of the power supply voltage, the ratio of the change in error is the change in this ratio, usually expressed as a percentile of the range of the pressure sensor.

Each pressure sensor error sources sum up the above so many, some systematic errors, some random errors, some errors can be eliminated, to find a way to be eliminated through improved technologies, to ensure that the sensor has good output.

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Comprehensive Understanding of Touch Phone Touch Screen

The first mobile phone was born in 1973 in the United States, Martin Cooper invented by Motorola's engineers and technicians. This mobile phone Martin Cooper also can not be called a phone, because his foot two bricks, "mobile phone" in the true sense of the launch in 1987, and since then, the volume of mobile phones more and more on technologies and applications used in mobile phones more and more rich. After 2006, the subversive phone upgrade getting smaller and smaller, but another mobile application revolution continues to spread, this is the popularity of mobile phones touch operation.


2008 to 2009 the global touch phone flourishing moment the mainstream touch interface has more than nine kinds of these innovative designs are receiving the baptism of the market. After the selection of the Ebb Tide, and ultimately the strong win, now is the time we can see the whole market overview. China Mobile launched special large-scale thematic interpretation of the mainstream mobile phone touch operation platform.

First, capacitive touch screen with resistive touch screen

1. capacitive touch screen introduction:
The four sides of the touch screen, capacitive touch screen plated with a narrow electrode, a low-voltage alternating electric field is formed in the conductive body. The touch screen, the body farm, fingers conductor layer will form a coupling capacitor, issued by the four sides of the electrode current will flow to the contact, and the current strength of the finger to the electrode is proportional to the distance, touch screen controller calculates the ratio of the currents and strong or weak, to accurately calculate the position of the touch point.
The capacitive touch screen is a special metal layer of transparent conductive material in the surface of the glass paste. When the finger touch on the metal layer, the capacitance of the contacts occurs, such that the associated oscillator frequency is changed, the change can be determined by measuring the frequency of the touch position obtained information.
Capacitive touch screen defects:
Varies due to the capacitance change with temperature, humidity or ground to different circumstances and therefore its stability is poor, and tends to produce a drift phenomenon. The touch screen is suitable for the commissioning phase of the system development.
2. resistive touch screen basic principles:
The use of pressure-sensitive resistive touch screen control. A main part of the resistive touch screen resistive films screen is a very complex piece with the display surface, which is a multi-layered composite film as primary layer of glass or hard plastic plate, the surface coated with a layer of transparent metal oxide (transparent conductive resistance) of the conductive layer, above and then cover with a layer of outer surface hardening treatment, smooth plastic layer anti-rub, and its inner surface is also coated with a layer of coating, between them, have many of the small (less than 1/1000 inch) transparent The isolation point the two conductive layers separated by insulation. When the finger touches the screen, the two conductive layers on the touch point there will be a contact resistance change signal is generated on the X and Y directions, and then send the touch screen controller. The controller detects the contact and to calculate the position (X, Y), according to the operation of the simulated mouse. This is the basic principle of the resistive touch screen technology.

Second, the resolution
1. Screen resolution:
The screen resolution is to determine how much information settings displayed on the screen, to measure the horizontal and vertical pixels. The screen resolution is low (for example, 640 x 480), the items displayed on the screen, but the relatively large size. Screen resolution (example 1600 x 1200), the items displayed on the screen, but the size is relatively small.

2. Definition of WVGA:
Digital products a screen material the VGA of another form than the VGA resolution, alias: Wide VGA resolution of 800 x 480 pixels. To expand the resolution of VGA (640 x 480). Used in PDA and cell phones, because a lot of the width of the page is 800 WVGA screen will be more appropriate and in browsing the web, it can be said the resolution trend of handheld devices in the future.

3. Definition of QVGA:
The QVGA QuarterVGA "refers to one of the VGA size. Is output on the LCD screen resolution is 240 x 320 pixels. It should be noted that some of the media as a QVGA screen with TFT and TFD LCD material is the same thing wrong the QVGA screen saying common with some of Japan's mobile phone power supply, Microsoft PPC operating system for smart phones screen mostly 320 x 240 pixel QVGA screen.

The so-called the QVGA LCD technology, is output on the LCD screen resolution is 240 x 320 LCD output mode. In fact, this resolution does not matter the size of the screen itself. For example, if the 2.1-inch LCD display screen can display 240 x 320 resolution image, it is called "QVGA 2.1-inch LCD screen; 3.8-inch LCD screen can display 240 x 320 image, called" QVGA 3.8-inch liquid crystal display ", although both of these cases have the same resolution, but due to the size of the type of the actual visual effect type, generally small screen of a screen will naturally small.

"Smart" Lithium Battery, Leading the Trend of Electric Car Industry

December 19 Jie Obi electric car Co., Ltd. was held in Hangzhou New Kaiyuan Hotel 2013 Jie Obi lithium car new conference and annual meeting in Zhejiang Province. Meeting Geoby CEO Mr. Wang Shuguang announced the launch of high-energy lithium battery, super lithium and smart motorcycle models of a variety of industry-leading technology. Jie Obi electric cars Hangzhou first flagship store officially opened on December 8, 2012 (address: Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Zhongshan Road No. 343) stores an area of ​​800 square meters, has attracted wide attention.
Lithium trend, the market is huge

In recent years, energy saving and environmental protection is the development direction of the electric bicycle, participating Zhejiang Bicycle Electric Vehicle Industry Association executive vice chairman and secretary general Mr. Chen Jianlong when it comes to the electric car industry trends, as technology advances, lithium battery electric The bike is expected to replace the current lead-acid battery electric bicycle. The higher the penetration rate of the lithium battery electric vehicles in Europe and the United States and other developed countries, the market share above 50%, China's lithium car industry is still in its infancy, the market has great potential.
As the the domestic lithium car brand Geoby, has been great importance to the development and marketing of lithium-ion technology models. The launch of the high-energy, super and smart products with advanced technology, the industry leader. Jie Obi sales staff introduced lightweight lithium battery, environmental protection, waste will not cause environmental pollution, the current Jie Obi application technology is mature, market sales growth.
"Three energy products, advanced technology

Jie Obi at the press conference launch of the high-energy, super new products and smart lithium, with quiet, powerful, technologically advanced, full of bright spots. In smart motorcyclists products, the entire department is equipped with intelligent power / transmission system makes riding easier, equipped with the excellent quality 24V/6.6AH lithium battery power, 200W brushless high-speed dc motor, perfect. It is noteworthy that Yi moving Yat-induced high-end models, taking into account the consumer driving experience, especially equipped with a sine wave mute control system, to reflect the Geoby high-end and taste. Super lithium models, "JETMASTER - climbing Wang equipped with the 250W/350W aluminum high-speed brushless motor, 48V/10Ah large-capacity lithium battery, can be described as the" T "of electric vehicles power, powerful, longer battery life mileage. High-energy lithium models to go young beautiful route, simple and beautiful, the same eye-catching, and very cost-effective. In addition, it is learned Jie Obi lithium car battery reliable and trouble-free "Sony" high-quality batteries, state-of-the-art technology, to provide a guarantee.
Support lithium battery, and develop the market

At the meeting, the Czech Republic, Obi also introduced policies to foster the development of lithium car market. Zhejiang sales center responsible for ordering policy announced by Mr. Huang Ji, encourage dealers to conduct market development, to nurture potential market, the company will give dealers strong support professional management and incentives, more power lithium-powered products promotion.

According to the Czech Republic battery manufacturer, Obi CEO Mr. Wang Shuguang, the Reko than lithium-powered products in the country's population has more than 200,000 Jie Obi high-energy lithium, lithium Super Intelligent Lithium full range, is currently the country's most complete series products. Next, the Czech Republic, Obi will further strengthen the in lithium car industry input, to support industrial development to achieve a win-win situation for business and society.

Price and Development Experience Hinder the Mainland Manufacturers to Use Capacitive Touch Screen

Although capacitive touch screen mobile phone manufacturers around the world concern and by increasing the other hand, mainland China brand mobile phone manufacturers, has long been focused on the faster development progress, timing and price of production, for capacitive touch screen Followers more butcapacitive touchscreen of real gross domestic brand market share is less than 3%, compared to the general international brands is currently about 20% is much lower.
Capacitive touch screen module price is about 1.4 to 2.5 times the flat screen resistive touch screen, depending on the material structure differ. Mainland China brand mobile phone prices 20 to 50% lower compared with the general international brand mobile phone prices, most manufacturers want to wait for the experience of other touch screen manufacturers to adopt as a reference. Personally, I think the prices and the use and development of capacitive touch screen experience is still the main factors to affect the capacitive touch screen Chinese mainland market penetration.

Resistive touch screen, traditional resistive touch-screen technology threshold is low, the technology is mature market, an adequate supply of relatively lower prices, so it is still the main choice of touch screen mobile phone market. In addition to the traditional analog linear resistive 4-wire resistive screen, is already related to the development of a the modified resistive touch screen, known as analog the matrix touch (AMR) can support multi-touch and gesture recognition next generation touch technology needs.
However, the relatively weak resistive touch ITO film will reduce the panel transmittance, and resistive touch sensor requires a larger finger poke force when operating the touch, capacitive touch of a finger sensor, the resistive must hand pointed out that a larger force before induction, and finger contact with the film texture glass panel with a capacitive touch screen majority can not be compared.
Therefore, capacitive touch screen instrument high light transmittance, high durability, long service life, good touch-sensitive, multi-touch and superior performance, and many other advantages, gradually gained popularity in the mobile phone, predictable capacity with high performance capacitive touch screen panel domestic the phone will be increased. Capacitive touch screen development time is short, its future growth is still much room.

Fudan University Professor Developed a New Type of Lithium Battery

A "natural" magazine sub s "science reporting" (Sci.Report) published a heavy research Fudan University, Professor Wu Yuping Task Force. The latest research on an aqueous solution of lithium battery systems, lithium battery performance by 80%. Electric car charging only need 10 seconds to travel 400 kilometers, this battery cost, security is not easy explosion.

Wu Yuping research group showed reporters on the 13th of this lithium battery system. A thin layer of metallic lithium, a special composite membrane tightly wrapped, to be placed in the pH value was in the neutral aqueous solution, an average, can be made with the traditional cathode materials in lithium ion battery spinel manganate lithium assembly charging voltage of 4.2V, the discharge voltage of 4.0V new water lithium battery, this result greatly exceeded the aqueous solution of the theoretical decomposition voltage 1.23V.
According to reports, the commonly used organic electrolyte lithium-ion battery. The large energy storage system, the traditional high cost of lithium batteries, the high requirements on the production conditions, and because the physical and chemical properties of the organic electrolyte, there is greater safety hazards. This is the new energy products such power car is not the main obstacle to large-scale promotion.

Wu Yuping Task Force of the achievements on the development of a new low-cost, easy to mass production, possible safety environmental protection battery system. Allegedly, the novel water lithium using the aqueous solution as electrolyte, a flame retardant enhanced, so that the battery during use less hot fever, high safety performance; composite film made of a polymer material and an inorganic material, capable of the energy loss of the battery below 5%.

It is estimated that if this battery for mobile phones, the battery supplier of the same size at least be able to extend the phone talk time doubled, the cost is less than half of the original; same used in automotive pollution on the environment than existing lithium The battery is much smaller.

Wu Yuping said U.S. Energy Research Institute "aiming" in the study, and his hope to reach a cooperation intention. He also hoped that a forward-looking enterprise cooperation with the country. He said, "novel aqueous lithium in life can be specifically applied to on all sides, I hope the water lithium breakthrough to end, the consumers of safe, accepted on costs, the solution to the current global faltering electric car industry .

Competition in Car Lithium Battery Development

Rechargeable battery is largely about the environmental performance of electric vehicles and vehicle costs. Car rechargeable batteries not only need to meet the energy capacity of the vehicle farther from the decision, the instantaneous current input and output, as well as to prevent abnormal heat and fire safety requirements, and also need to meet in order to make electric cars that can be accepted by ordinary consumers, cost requirements, being the fierce competition in the development for enterprises. The development of the lithium-ion rechargeable batteries in the future will focus on the following three elements: (1) reduce the cost of energy per unit of capacity; (2) to ensure security; (3) inhibition of charging and discharging a result of deterioration. Especially inhibiting the deterioration of charge and discharge causes, relationship to the user the feeling of use of electric vehicles, and contains the total cost of the maintenance costs, including, therefore important factor can not be ignored.
The Cathode Material choices vary
The performance and cost of the battery depends on the material, structure, and control, of which the most important is the choice of materials. Battery manufacturers must make the optimal choice from a variety of candidate materials. Are already in production or plan the next 1 to 2 years of mass production of lithium-ion rechargeable battery cathode material, in accordance with the different material combinations with lithium, divided into four kinds the ternary manganese, NCA and iron phosphate class (Figure 1). Cathode materials are generally of the conventional lithium battery using lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2). But the use of a positive electrode of lithium cobaltate when charging the crystal structure is not stable enough to use in the vehicle-mounted battery, the existence of the security issue. Develop in-vehicle lithium battery technology to try and develop a new material instead of lithium cobalt oxide.
Be referred to as a ternary material of lithium cobalt oxide part of the cobalt, nickel and manganese is substituted by cobalt, nickel, manganese, three components, to improve the stability of the material. Ternary [Li (Ni-Mn-Co) O2] battery materials manufacturers including the announcement of the shallow the Suzuki extended-range electric vehicle supply lithium batteries, Sanyo Electric, and developed for Honda PHEV supply battery GS soup with Honda joint venture company Blue Energy Japan.

The NCA based material NCA is nickel, cobalt, aluminum, three word prefix abbreviation. NCA class of materials made of aluminum instead of manganese ternary material. NCA class material [Li (Ni-Co-Al) O2] is the joint venture of Toyota and Panasonic Primearth EV Energy with its production of lithium battery is equipped in the Prius plug-in hybrid. NCA class lithium generally has excellent energy density, but there are still to be solved in terms of safety. Primearth EV Energy Company in order to improve the lithium-ion rechargeable battery security, improve the heat resistance of coated ceramic layer on the negative measures, so as to strengthen the safety performance.
The manganese-based material using lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4). Such materials have been widely adopted by the battery manufacturers in Japan, South Korea and the United States is now the mainstream car battery. Major manufacturers including Automotive Energy Supply to supply batteries Nissan LEAF (Chinese name: hear the wind) for the the Mitsubishi iMiEV supply battery Lithium Energy Japan, LG Chem to supply batteries for GM's Volt, as well as Daimler, BMW and Beijing Automotive supply batteries, Johnson Controls-Saft (Johnson Controls-Saft), etc.. The manganese-based material compared with the ternary and NCA based material, in theory, the energy capacity density is lower, but the lithium atoms, manganese atoms, and an oxygen atom capable of forming a solid crystal structure, and therefore thermal stability is excellent, safe. In addition, manganese, cobalt and nickel, compared the prices of raw materials cheaper cost advantage. The prices of raw materials in descending order of the cobalt, nickel, manganese, if the price of cobalt is seen as 10 words, then nickel is 5, and manganese is less than 1.
The material of ferrous phosphate (LiFePO4) cathode materials for Chinese manufacturers to use more. Such material tightly due to phosphorus (P) and oxygen (O), even when the battery internal heat, the crystal structure also difficult destruction is therefore highly safe. Ago due to low electrical conductivity of the iron phosphate-based material, there is a problem, but difficult to improve the output power supply in the cathode material coated fine CFC improved characteristics, greatly promote the process of practical. The advantage of such materials in addition to the safety, another advantage in that the cost of materials. Raw material prices of iron manganese also cheap, estimated about only manganese fraction of. But there are also technical personnel noted that the process for manufacturing of such material are high cost, so it is difficult to play out the cost advantages of the material itself. Due to the need to create prevent iron oxidation manufacturing environment, but also for the cathode material coated with carbon quality management process also takes manpower and resources, and therefore contain manufacturing costs, including the total cost is not necessarily cheaper.
Cost target is 20,000 yen / kWh reduced consumer products with lithium batteries quite
Currently, the Japanese manufacturer of car lithium battery costs about 10 to 12 million yen / kWh, Chinese manufacturers for its half. GM's Volt battery costs 100,000 yen / kWh to calculate the cost of electric car battery with 16kwh battery for 1.6 million yen, The Nissan LEAF with 24kwh battery for 2.4 million yen (Figure 2). Only the cost of the battery is equivalent to the price of a car. In other words, EV and REV (modified EV) compared with the same level of gasoline cars, the cost will be twice as high. To promote the popularization of electric vehicles, battery costs must be reduced.
Car lithium battery cost targets consumer products is reduced to the level of lithium batteries. Consumer products with lithium batteries cost about 20,000 yen / kWh. 20,000 yen / kWh, the Volt's battery costs 320,000 yen, LEAF 480,000 yen. Battery costs can be reduced by 1.28 million yen and 1.92 million yen. The cost of the battery will decrease reflected in vehicle prices, then, to the Volt price can be reduced to 2 million yen, LEAF can be reduced to 1.85 million yen. If the cost can be reduced to this level, the electric car will be able to achieve the average consumer can afford the price.
20,000 yen / kWh cost is also consistent with the target value of the Japanese and Chinese car lithium battery development blueprint. Preparation of the car in Japan's New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) rechargeable battery development blueprint, the cost target for 2015 dropped to 30,000 yen / kWh 20,000 yen / kWh in 2020 for year three. In electric vehicle technology blueprint released by the Chinese government in 2015, China's battery cost target value of $ 1,500 / kWh (about 18,000 yen) (Figure 3).
The attitude of the battery suppliers for car battery cost 20,000 yen / kWh support the possibility of this goal. Nissan joint venture between NEC executives in an interview with Reuters in September 2010, said the company is promoting the development of lithium-ion rechargeable battery, the goal is to have 2017, its price compared with the products now halved performance doubled. Half the price doubled the performance dropped to a quarter of the current means the price per kWh. Assuming the current cost of the battery for 100,000 yen / kWh, the 2017 cost is 25,000 yen / kWh. In addition, LG Chemical Company executives said in February 2011 at the International Conference on the price of the company that will be mass produced lithium-ion rechargeable battery 350 to $ 400 / kWh (about 28,000 to 32,000 yen). LG Chem said 350 to 400 U.S. dollars / kWh prices considering the cost of the company will be reduced.
A driving force to reduce the prices of the battery unit capacity is a high capacity, and improve production efficiency. High capacity, consumer products, energy density lithium nearing 250Wh/kg, the and car lithium battery is only about 100Wh/kg. Car lithium battery, there is scope to improve the energy density. Battery Unit another driving force is reduced to improve production efficiency, it may be mainly adopted to expand the scale to obtain the mass-production effect, to improve the process and reduce the cost of production equipment and other measures to achieve. Automotive Energy Supply Company regarding its future car rechargeable battery production plans, 50,000 EV battery unit available for mass production from 2011, the increase in production by 2013 will amount to 500,000 EV
The deterioration of the battery performance problems can not be ignored
Car lithium battery elements can not be ignored is the deterioration of the battery problem. Buy a new car to the scrap car to use a minimum of 10 years. If the battery obvious deterioration during this period, the user is forced to replace the batteries of electric vehicles, it will damage the user experience, the user will increase the economic burden.
The rechargeable battery using the electrochemical reaction of charge and discharge, and therefore it is inevitable to cause deterioration due to repeated use. EV users must be aware of in advance of the: EV 5 years after the deterioration of the battery may cause the battery capacity is reduced by 20 to 30%. With a capacity of 25kWh battery, can travel 150km of EV example, the battery capacity decline may lead to shorten the travel distance of 30 ~~ 50km. Perhaps the user wants the performance deterioration of the battery replaced, in this case, even if the battery is priced at 20,000 yen / kWh battery replacement costs 500,000 yen. Assume that every 5 years would cost 500,000 yen replace the battery, then the annual cost burden is 100,000 yen, the user needs to be considered in advance EV maintenance fees.

As mentioned above, the battery life is directly related to the user's EV cost of ownership, so it will become a key element in the car charging battery development. Future, widespread popularity EV and PEHV standing with costs, but also reduce the user's vehicle to the point of view of the cost of ownership and cost assessment, on-board lithium battery. Concern as a strong anti-deterioration performance car lithium battery is a the negative lithium titanate battery. The negative electrode of lithium batteries generally use graphite, but the durability can be improved using the lithium titanate. Toshiba experimental results show that the lithium titanate negative electrode of the lithium battery life when compared with the use of graphite in the traditional lithium may be extended to 6 times. In this case, you do not need during the life of the vehicle due to the deterioration of the battery and replace the battery, it will not cause the user's vehicle with rising costs. Toshiba is currently in mass production car lithium battery using lithium titanate addition to Mitsubishi Motors of this battery will be on the company's EV, Honda is also considering for the company developed the Fit EV.

The lithium-ion rechargeable battery technology is still in its development stage enterprises in order to further technological progress in the fierce competition. In the future, companies develop in-vehicle lithium battery, not only in energy capacity, cost, and security there is often a shift in the relationship between the elements of the (Trade-off) aspects to achieve optimization, but also stand the impact of performance degradation, and contains maintenance fees, including the cost of ownership perspective, comprehensive performance evaluation of the battery.